JPSIM Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine J Pak Soc Intern Med 2709-8729 2710-0804 Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine 10.70302/jpsim.v2i1.2102 jpsim.v2i1.2102 Editorial Emergence of Public Health Practice in the Era of COVID-19 Latif Muhammad Zahid * Professor of Community Medicine & Director Department of Medical Education, Azra Naheed Medical College Lahore *Correspondence: Muhammad Zahid Latif 13 03 2021 2021 2 1 3 4 10 12 2020 27 01 2021 Copyright © 2021 The Author(s) 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1 Smith V, Devane D, Nichol A, Roche D. Care bundles for improving outcomes in patients with COVID-19 or related conditions in intensive care - a rapid scoping review. Cochrane database Syst Rev. 2020; 10.1002/14651858.CD013819. 2 World Health Organization. Weekly Operational Update on COVID-19. World Heal Organ [Updated 2020 cited 2021]: Available from: [https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-update-on-covid-19---16-october-2020] 3 Calia C, Reid C, Guerra C, Oshodi AG, Marley C, Amos A, et al. Ethical challenges in the COVID-19 research context: a toolkit for supporting analysis and resolution. Ethics Behav. 2020;31(1):60–75. 4 Zaidi SH. Ethics of health care in the Corona pandemic. J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(7):1113–4. 5 Alexandre Delamou, Thérèse Delvaux, Alison Marie El Ayadi, Abdoul Habib Beavogui, Junko Okumura, Wim Van Damme VDB. Public health impact of the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in West Africa: seizing opportunities for the future. BMJ Glob Heal. 2017;16(2):e000202. 6 World Health Organization WHO. [Interim report 27 August 2020, cited 2021 ]. Available from: [https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-EHS_continuity-survey-2020.1] 7 Chung RYN, Erler A, Li HL, Au D. Using a Public Health Ethics Framework to Unpick Discrimination in COVID-19 Responses. Am J Bioeth. 2020;20(7):114–6. 8 Khalid A, Ali S. COVID-19 and its Challenges for the Healthcare System in Pakistan. Asian Bioeth Rev. 2020;12(4):551–64. 9 Pakistan, Covid 19 Dashboard . Government of Pakistan Ministry of National Regulations and Services. [Updated 2021, cited 2021]. Available from: [https://covid.gov.pk/stats/pakistan] 10 MacDonald M. Introduction to Public Health Ethics: Background. National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy; 2014. 11 Faden RR, Shebaya S, Siegel AW. Distinctive Challenges of Public Health Ethics. InThe Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics. 2019; 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190245191.013.2. 12 Overview of public health and social measures in the context of COVID-19. World Heal Organ 2020. Licence. WHO/2019-nCoV/PHSM_Overview/2020.1. 13 Vinten-Johansen P, Brody H, Paneth N, Rachman S, Zuck D, Rip M, Zuck HC. Cholera, chloroform, and the science of medicine: a life of John Snow. Medicine; 2003. p. 1689–99. 14 Murray CJL, Alamro NMS, Hwang H, Lee U. Digital public health and COVID-19. Lancet Public Heal. 2020;5(9):e469–70.