References

JPSIM

Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine

J Pak Soc Intern Med

2709-8729 2710-0804

Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine

10.70302/jpsim.v2i4.2165

jpsim.v2i4.2165

Review Article

Dengue Fever

Iqtadar

Somia

somia.iqtadar@gmil.com * Lodhi

Sidrah

Chaudhary

Nabeel Akbar

Mumtaz

Samiullah

Abaidullah

Sajid

King Edward Medical University, Lahore Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

*Correspondence: Somia Iqtadar (somia.iqtadar@gmil.com)

14 12 2021

2021

2 4 293 298 19 09 2021 23 09 2021

2021

The Author(s)

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Dengue infection is Aedes mosquito-borne infectious disease of the tropics caused by dengue virus (DENV). DENV has four distinct serotypes; 1, 2, 3 and 4. Infection by each serovar confers life-long protective immunity to that and partial and transient protection against the other serotypes. Secondary infection is a major risk factor for DHF, mainly due to antibody induced enhancement.1,2 According to WHO estimates, this disease of the tropics and sub-tropics, affects around 390 million people each year and 3.9 billion people residing in 128 countries are at risk. (WHO 2017).

Dengue in history dates back to 3rd century Chinese literature of Jin Dynasty era and the first confirmed case was reported by Benjamin Rush in 1789. (www.denguevirusnet.com) Dengue has emerged as a disease with significant morbidity and mortality. After several epidemics since 2005, it is now recognized as an important health problem in Pakistan. The incidence is highest for the age group 20 to 30 years (32.0%) with females representing 31.5%. The disease has an overall case fatality rate of 1.86/ 1000 confirmed cases. It is a notifiable disease under the 3 epidemiological categories; suspected, probable and confirmed dengue.

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