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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JPSIM</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine</journal-title>
        <abbrev-title>J Pak Soc Intern Med</abbrev-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">2709-8729</issn>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2710-0804</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.70302/jpsim.v6i1.2516</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jpsim.v6i1.2516</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Do Two Clinically Distinct Inflammatory Arthritides” Rheumatoid Arthritis and Axial Spondyloarthritis” Coexist</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Haroon</surname>
            <given-names>Maryam</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>ezamaryam911@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ahmed</surname>
            <given-names>Nighat Mir</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <institution>National Hospital &amp; Research Centre</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1">*Correspondence: Maryam Haroon (ezamaryam911@gmail.com)</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2025-03-10">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>6</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>78</fpage>
      <lpage>81</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-02-20">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24">
          <day>24</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2025 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>The Author(s)</copyright-holder>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://psimj.com/article/jpsim.v6i1.2516" content-type="text/html"/>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://psimj.com/article/jpsim.v6i1.2516.pdf" content-type="application/pdf"/>
      <abstract>
        <p>Rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthrides are autoimmune diseases with variable age spectrum at presentation, multi organ involvement but specifically targeting joints in clinically distinct pattern leading to joint damage, making sometimes patient physical activity limited if timely diagnosis and immediate treatment delayed. Previously clinicians often faced difficulty in making earlier diagnosis of Rheumatological diseases due to lack of understanding of correlation of underlying autoimmunity with such diseases and polymorphic inheritance of associated genes but now definite diagnostic criteria made on extensive clinical research by different Rheumatological societies. Moreover radiological advances make it further easier to diagnose seronegative/asymptomatic cases earlier. Presence of two rheumatological diseases at a time in same person of any age group though rare but chances are here in accordance to Meta analysis of different case studies presenting with symptoms not particular for one Rheumatological disease. We are going to report a case of young female patient initially presented with polyarthritis, diagnosed and treated as RA but later having backache, when investigated further, HLA B27. Radiological features were suggestive of early Sacroillitis.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)</kwd>
        <kwd>Spondyloarthritis (SpA)</kwd>
        <kwd>Rheumatoid factor (RAF)</kwd>
        <kwd>anti cyclic citrulinated peptide (CCP)</kwd>
        <kwd>HLA B27</kwd>
        <kwd>LBP</kwd>
        <kwd>schober</kwd>
        <kwd>Sacroillitis</kwd>
        <kwd>csDMARDs</kwd>
        <kwd>tsDMARDs</kwd>
        <kwd>biologics.</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
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  </back>
</article>
