This study aims to determine the frequency and patterns of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who have a creatinine clearance of less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m², in order to inform targeted treatment and reduce adverse outcomes.

This six-month prospective study at Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, enrolled 156 CKD patients aged 18-60 with a creatinine clearance

The mean age of our study group was 47.2 ± 8.1years. The average age ranged between 38 and 45 years. Among these, 74.4% participants were males and 25.6% were females. All participants had anemia. The minimum mean hemoglobin level was 7g/dL and maximum were 11g/dL. 64.1% participants had normocytic normochromic anemia, 32.1% had iron deficiency anemia and 3.8% had combined deficiency anemia. These results confirmed the association of different patterns of anemia and CKD.

Present study highlights the prevalence and patterns of anemia in CKD patients with creatinine clearance below 30 ml/min/1.73m². Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most common pattern, followed by iron deficiency anemia and combined deficiency anemia. These findings underscore the multifactorial nature of anemia in CKD and its association with adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular complications and reduced quality of life.