JPSIM Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine J Pak Soc Intern Med 2709-8729 2710-0804 Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine 10.70302/jpsim.v6i4.2566 jpsim.v6i4.2566 Original Research Frequency of Contributing factors of lactation failure in infants presented at Mayo Hospital Lahore Ali Zeeshan drzeeshanali.pk@gmail.com * Bajwa Muhammad Ahsan Akhtar Muhammad Kalim Bokhari Saima Tehreem Shabana King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore CMA Teaching Hospital, Lahore *Correspondence: Zeeshan Ali (drzeeshanali.pk@gmail.com) 21 11 2025 2025 6 4 359 363 24 04 2025 05 07 2025 11 10 2025 Copyright © 2025 The Author(s) 2025 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective

To determine the frequency of contributing factors for lactation failure in infants

 Methodology

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, KEMU/Mayo Hospital Lahore from 25-06-2024 to 28-02-2025. After meeting the selection criteria, 277 infants were enrolled. Demographic and contributing factors that are closely linked to breast feeding were used as variables in this study including age, gender, insufficient milk supply, latch problem, maternal and infant medical conditions, maternal fatigue, return to work, personal decision and no reported reason. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 26.

 Results

The mean age of the infants was 6.83 ± 2.63 months and the mothers had a mean age of 29.67 ± 6.14 years. The most common contributing factor was insufficient milk supply, observed in 52% of infants. This was followed by latch problems in 21.7%, maternal medical conditions in 13.4%, and infant medical conditions in 10.1%. Personal decision was identified as a contributing factor in only 2.95% of respondents.

 Conclusion

The most common factors contributing to lactation failure in mothers were insufficient milk supply, followed by latch problems, maternal medical conditions, infant-related medical conditions, and personal decisions observed in this study.

 Keywords Lactation Failure Infants Factors Ethics Statement

Ethics committee: Institutional Review Board, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. Approval number: 773/RC/KEMU, dated November 20, 2024.

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