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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JPSIM</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine</journal-title>
        <abbrev-title>J Pak Soc Intern Med</abbrev-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">2709-8729</issn>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2710-0804</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.70302/jpsim.v7i2.2633</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jpsim.v7i2.2633</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Kounis Syndrome Following Ceftriaxone Administration</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Saeed</surname>
            <given-names>Muhammad Khawar</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>khawarcapri@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Siddique</surname>
            <given-names>Faryal</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mishaal</surname>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1">*Correspondence: Muhammad Khawar Saeed (khawarcapri@gmail.com)</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-06-03">
        <day>03</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>7</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>163</fpage>
      <lpage>164</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-11">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2026-04-14">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-04">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2026 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>The Author(s)</copyright-holder>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://psimj.com/article/jpsim.v7i2.2633" content-type="text/html"/>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://psimj.com/article/jpsim.v7i2.2633.pdf" content-type="application/pdf"/>
      <abstract>
        <p>Kounis syndrome, also known as allergic acute coronary syndrome, represents the concurrence of acute coronary events with hypersensitivity reactions. It is an under recognized but potentially fatal condition triggered by drugs, foods, insect stings, or environmental exposures1. We report a case of suspected Kounis syndrome following intravenous ceftriaxone administration, presenting with anaphylactic shock, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and biochemical evidence of myocardial injury. The patient recovered with supportive and anti allergic management without undergoing coronary angiography. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of Kounis syndrome in patients who develop cardiovascular collapse after exposure to potential allergens</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Kounis syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>allergic myocardial infarction</kwd>
        <kwd>ceftriaxone</kwd>
        <kwd>anaphylaxis</kwd>
        <kwd>troponin elevation</kwd>
        <kwd>Sunjay Kapur</kwd>
        <kwd>Karisma Kapoor</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kounis NG, Zavras GM. Histamine-induced coronary artery spasm: the concept of allergic angina. Br J Clin Pract. 1991;45(2):121–8.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Kounis NG. Kounis syndrome (allergic angina and allergic myocardial infarction): a natural paradigm? Int J Cardiol. 2006;110(1):7–14.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>Abdelghany M, Subedi R, Shah S, Kozman H. Kounis syndrome: a review article on epidemiology, diagnostic findings, management and complications of allergic acute coronary syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2017;232:1–4.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
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        <label>4</label>
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      </ref>
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        <label>5</label>
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      </ref>
      <ref id="ref6">
        <label>6</label>
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      <ref id="ref7">
        <label>7</label>
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      </ref>
      <ref id="ref8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>Cevik C, Nugent K, Shome GP, Kounis NG. Treatment of Kounis syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2010;143(3):223–226.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>Renda F, Landoni G, Trotta F, et al. Kounis syndrome: an analysis of spontaneous reports from international pharmacovigilance databases. Int J Cardiol. 2016;203(2):217–20.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
