Review Article

Structured Type 1 Diabetes Education Programs – An Unmet Need in Pakistan

Farina Z Ahmad1
Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
Muaaz Waseem2
2Dorset University Hospitals, UK
Malik Asif Humayun1
Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK

✉ Correspondence: Malik Asif Humayun Email: doctormalikasif@gmail.com

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v1i1.2004
Volume: 1, Issue 1 Pages: 8–11 Published: 16 Dec 2020
Received: 04 Sep 2020 Accepted: 08 Oct 2020 Published Online: 16 Dec 2020

Abstract

Structured type 1 diabetes education aims to teach the key self-management skills of carbohydrate counting and flexible insulin dosing, while developing a full understanding in the patient about type 1 diabetes, the action of basal and bolus insulin, management of illness and about the importance of complication screening to maintain long term health.
Structured type 1 education courses are not currently available in Pakistan and with the advent of modern technology use in the management of T1 diabetes, we need to train and upskill our people living with T1D. Insulin is the third most dangerous drug on the formulary and it is extremely important to ensure the safe use of this drug by our patients. It is crucial to develop and monitor such training courses in Pakistan.
We give a brief history and overview of structured type 1 education courses for people living with T1 diabetes.

How to Cite This Article

Ahmad FZ, Waseem M, Humayun MA. Structured Type 1 Diabetes Education Programs – An Unmet Need in Pakistan. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2020;1(1):8–11. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v1i1.2004

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Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this research.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

References

  1. Mühlhauser I, Jörgens V, Berger M, Graninger W, Gurtler W, Hornke L, et al. Bicentric evaluation of a teaching and treatment programme for type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients: improvement of metabolic control and other measures of diabetes care for up to 22 months. Diabetologia 1983;25(6):476.
  2. Everett J, Jenkins E, Kerr D, Cavan DA. Implementation of an effective outpatient intensive education programme for patients with type 1 diabetes. Pract Diab Int. 2003;20(2): 51-5
  3. Shaban C, Jenkins E, Knott J, Ryder J, Cavan DA. Living with Diabetes: an educational model of care for new-onset diabetes. Prac Diab Int. 2013;30(3):113-7
  4. O cukrzycy. Diabetes education. [Updated 2020]. [http://diabetes-education.net/index.php?link=philo]
  5. Ref impact Studies. Managing hypoglycaemia to improve quality of life in people with diabetes. [Updated 2014]. Available from: [http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/11496/32610/32610.pdf]
  6. The global diabetes community. [Updated 2020]. Available from: [http://diabetes-education.net/pdf/t1_centres.xls].
  7. DAFNE Study Group. Training in flexible, intensive insulin management to enable dietary freedom in people with type 1 diabetes: dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal 2002;325(7367):746-9.
  8. Marden S, Thomas PW, Sheppard ZA, Knott J, Lueddeke J, Kerr D. Poor numeracy skills are associated with glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes. 2012; 29 (5): 662.9

Reference list indexed for Google Scholar and ResearchGate. DOI links resolve via doi.org.

CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2020 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
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