Original Research

Risk Factors, Frequency and Outcome of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Three-Year Follow-up Study

Ainan Arshad1
Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Ehteram Ul Haq2
Department of Emergency Medicine, Usman Memorial Hospital, Karachi, Hospital
Ahmed Ayazl3
Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Zainab Abdul Rahman4
Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
Sarosh Abid Farooqui5
Medical College, Sindh Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Saleem6
Department of Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.

✉ Correspondence: Ainan Arshad Email: ainan_arshad@hotmail.com

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v2i1.2105
Volume: 2, Issue 1 Pages: 15–18 Published: 13 Mar 2021
Received: 10 Dec 2020 Accepted: 10 Jan 2021 Published Online: 13 Mar 2021

Abstract

Background

Research was conducted to analyze the Risk factors, frequency and outcome of new-onset of diabetes mellitus in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Methods

This review was conducted at a Tertiary care setup of Pakistan, it is a retrospective study of evaluation of IBD patients presented during the period of 2012-2017. Medical records were then analyzed to determine if they developed new-onset of diabetes mellitus within three years. If so, outcome measures were compared in the diabetic and non-diabetic group.

Results

364 patients were enrolled in the study. 206 (57%) were males and 158 (43.4%) were females; average mean age for diagnosis of IBD patients was 28.5 ± 8.0 years. 19 (5.2%) patients went on to develop new-onset DM. Majority of patients were of the Ulcerative colitis. Risk factors for developing new onset of DM in IBD patients were female gender (p= 0.026), previous history of hypertension (p= <0.001) and previous history of ischemic heart disease (p= 0.004). Patients who developed DM had a significantly higher number of flares within the next three years (p= 0.001).

Conclusion

We concluded that patients of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are at a sinificant risk of developing new-onset DM irrespective of steroid treatment. Furthermore, these patients are prone to an increased number of flares in the long run. Hence, we believe that these results warrant early screening and watch for glycemic control in IBD to improve long-term outcomes.

Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus Inflammatory Bowel Disease Crohn's Disease Ulcerative Colitis

How to Cite This Article

Arshad A, Haq MEU, Ayazl A, Rahman ZA, Farooqui SA, Saleem M. Risk Factors, Frequency and Outcome of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Three-Year Follow-up Study. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2021;2(1):15–18. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v2i1.2105

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Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this research.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

References

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Reference list indexed for Google Scholar and ResearchGate. DOI links resolve via doi.org.

CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2021 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
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