Case Report

Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma (BML) - A Rare Phenomenon with Even Rarer Radiology and Disease Course

Muhammad Usman1
University Hospitals of Leicester
Nabiyah Bakhtawar2
University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire
Rajni Sudhir1
University Hospitals of Leicester

✉ Correspondence: Muhammad Usman Email: muhammad.usman5@nhs.net

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v3i2.2231
Volume: 3, Issue 2 Pages: 157–159 Published: 15 Jun 2022
Received: 06 Jan 2022 Accepted: 03 Apr 2022 Published Online: 15 Jun 2022

Abstract

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is an extremely rare condition that occurs in women of all ages. However, it most commonly occurs in women aged 30-75, and particularly among women of late childbearing age.1 First reported by Steiner in 1939, BML has been reported in the literature only a handful of times.2 BML occurs in women with a history of uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) followed by hysterectomy or myomectomy. It usually presents within 15 years of the initial diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma.3 Distant metastasis is common with lungs and lymph nodes being the most common sites of spread. Other sites of metastasis reported in the literature include the central nervous system, heart, skin, esophagus, skeletal muscles, bones, breasts, and trachea.1 Once diagnosed, BML follows a steady disease course with a mean prognosis of 96 months.4
We present an extremely rare case of BML with atypical organ involvement that has not been previously reported in the literature. In addition, our case was unique because of its unusual radiological appearance and rapid disease course, which has also been only scarcely reported in the literature.

How to Cite This Article

Usman M, Bakhtawar N, Sudhir R. Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma (BML) - A Rare Phenomenon with Even Rarer Radiology and Disease Course. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2022;3(2):157–159. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v3i2.2231

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Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this research.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

References

  1. Chen S, Liu RM, Li T. Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a case report and literature review. J Thorac Dis. 2014;6(6):E92-8.
  2. Steiner PE. Metastasizing fibroleiomyoma of the uterus: Report of a case and review of the literature. Am J Pathol. 1939;15(1):89-110.
  3. Kayser K, Zink S, Schneider T, Dienemann H, André S, Kaltner H, Schüring MP, Zick Y, Gabius HJ. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the uterus: documentation of clinical, immunohistochemical and lectin-histochemical data of ten cases. Virchows Arch. 2000;437(3):284-92.
  4. Ahmad SZ, Anupama R, Vijaykumar DK. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma - case report and review of literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011;159(1):240-1.
  5. Miller J, Shoni M, Siegert C, Lebenthal A, Godleski J, McNamee C. Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomas to the Lungs: An Institutional Case Series and a Review of the Recent Literature. Ann Thorac Surg. 2016;101(1):253-8.
  6. Gajzlerska E. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma: A review of current literature in respect to the time and type of previous gynecological surgery. PLoS One. 2017;12(4):e0175875.
  7. Simeon A. Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma Clinical, Imaging, and Pathologic Correlation. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2001;176(6):1409-13
  8. Sawai Y, Shimizu T, Yamanaka Y, Niki M, Nomura S. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma and 18-FDG-PET/CT: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett. 2017;14(3):3641-6.

Reference list indexed for Google Scholar and ResearchGate. DOI links resolve via doi.org.

CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2022 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
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