Review Article

Chemical Synthetic Disease Modifying Drugs (csDMARD) Used forRheumatoid Arthritis

Asif Hussain1
Consultant Physician National Hospital, DHA, Lahore, Clinical Examiner for Australian Medical Council
Faisal Akram2
Lyndarum Family Clinic, Lyndarum Drive, Epping, Victoria,3076, Australia
Jawaria Avais2
Lyndarum Family Clinic, Lyndarum Drive, Epping, Victoria,3076, Australia

✉ Correspondence: Asif Hussain Email: drasifhussain@gmail.com

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v4i4.2356
Volume: 4, Issue 4 Pages: 277–283 Published: 29 Nov 2023
Received: 28 Jul 2023 Accepted: 14 Aug 2023 Published Online: 29 Nov 2023

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common rheumatological disease all over the world. Disease burden, disease-related disability and cost is a significant problem especially for the developing countries. Many advanced and effective treatments including biological drugs are available. However, these biological options are costly and not available in many countries. Hence, traditional disease modifying drugs are still mainstay of treatment for such patients in developing countries. Affordability & availability are major reasons. Physicians managing these cases within limited resources face lot of challenges to control the disease. Junior doctors and trainees often find it hard to understand and prescribe these medications. This review article focuses on the elaboration of these chemical synthetic DMARDs, their pharmacological details, clinical uses and side effects.

Keywords
csDMARD Methotrexates Leflunomide Hydroxychloroquine Sulfasalazine

How to Cite This Article

Hussain A, Akram F, Avais J. Chemical Synthetic Disease Modifying Drugs (csDMARD) Used forRheumatoid Arthritis. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2023;4(4):277–283. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v4i4.2356

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Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this research.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

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CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2023 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
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