Original Research

Association of Serum Resistin with Insulin Sensitivity in SelfReported Healthy Individuals of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Khuldiya Areej1
The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Maryam Shafaq2
Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
Muhammad Imran2
Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
Anum Mehmood3
Hub of Dental Experts, Lahore, Pakistan
Maria Muddassir4
M Islam Medical & Dental College, Gujranwala, Pakistan
Faheem Hadi5
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

✉ Correspondence: Maria Muddassir Email: marya.b@live.com

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v7i2.2623
Volume: 7, Issue 2 Pages: 116–121 Published: 03 Jun 2026
Received: 01 Apr 2025 Revised: 09 Apr 2026 Accepted: 04 May 2026 Published Online: 03 Jun 2026

Abstract

Objectives

In current study, it was aimed to evaluate relationship between level of serum resistin and some metabolic and anthropometric parameters of healthy individuals.

Methods

Eighty healthy subjects with mean body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater were added. Waist to hip ratio, body mass index, weight and height were calculated as anthropometric parameters. Lipid profiles, blood insulin level, plasma glucose level, fasting serum resistin and insulin resistance (by homeostasis model assessment, HOMA) were measured as metabolic parameters.

Results

The results showed no correlation between markers and serum resistin level for uric acid level, glucose, blood pressure and adiposity. Level of serum resistin did not correlate with HOMA and fasting insulin level in women only and with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in men only. HDL-C level was an independent significant predictor for resistin in men only and HDL-C level and HOMA were independent significant predictors for resistin in women only, revealed by multiple linear regression analysis using the logarithm of resistin as a dependent variable.

Conclusion

In summary, resistin was not linked to the majority of lipid profiles, insulin resistance, blood pressure, obesity, or fasting plasma glucose levels. For both men and women, resistin had a negative correlation with HDL-C levels. More research is necessary to fully understand the role of resistin in metabolic syndrome.

Keywords
Adipocytokines diabetes mellitus resistin obesity insulin resistance

How to Cite This Article

Areej K, Shafaq M, Imran M, Mehmood A, Muddassir M, Hadi F. Association of Serum Resistin with Insulin Sensitivity in SelfReported Healthy Individuals of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2026;7(2):116–121. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v7i2.2623

Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no competing interests.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

No specific funding was received for this research.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

References

  1. Sah SP, Singh B, Choudhary S, Kumar A. Animal models of insulin resistance: a review. Pharmacol. Rep. 2016; 68(5): 1165-77.
  2. Kolb H, Martin S. Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes. BMC medicine. 2017; 15(1): 131
  3. So A, Sakaguchi K, Okada Y, Morita Y, Yamada T, Miura H, et al. Relation between HOMA-IR and insulin sensitivity index determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp analysis during treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor. Endocr J. 2020; 67(5): 501-7.
  4. Mostafazadeh M, Haiaty S, Rastqar A, Keshvari M. Correlation between resistin level and metabolic syndrome component: a review. Horm Metab Res. 2018; 50(07): 521-36.
  5. Mohammadi M, Hedayati M, Zarghami N, Ghaemmaghami S. Resistin effect on telomerase gene expression in gastric cancer cell line AGS. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2016; 12(2): 145.
  6. Di Raimo T, Azzara G, Corsi M, Cipollone D, Lo Vasco VR, Businaro R. Adipokines and their involvement as a target of new drugs. J Pharmacovigil. 2015; 3(3) :1.
  7. Zieba DA, Biernat W, Barć J. Roles of leptin and resistin in metabolism, reproduction, and leptin resistance. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2020; 73: 106472.
  8. Christou KA, Christou GA, Karamoutsios A, Vartholomatos G, Gartzonika K, Tsatsoulis A, et al. The regulation of serum resistin levels in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals. Horm. 2020; 19(4): 523-9.
  9. Zaidi SI, Shirwany TA. Relationship of serum resistin with insulin resistance and obesity. JAMC. 2015; 27(3): 552–5.
  10. Ashfaq F, Farasat, T. Association of serum resistin with indices of obesity in young Pakistani subjects. Pak J Zool. 2017; 49(10): 1587-93.
  11. Abdalla MM. Salivary resistin level and its association with insulin resistance in obese individuals. World J Diab. 2021; 12(9):1507.
  12. Sperrin M, Marshall AD, Higgins V, Renehan AG, Buchan IE. Body mass index relates weight to height differently in women and older adults: serial cross-sectional surveys in England (1992–2011). J Public Health. 2016; 38(3): 607-13.
  13. Ogbodo EC, Onah CE, Amah AK, Okeke CS, Obiorah MO, Okezie AO, et al. Assessment of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and glycated haemoglobin as markers of glycemic control in apparently healthy older adults in Nnewi. Indian J Forensic Community Med. 2024; 11(2): 49-55.
  14. Engin A. The pathogenesis of obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Obesity and Lipotoxicity. 2017: 221-45.
  15. Pluta W, Radecka A, Dudzińska W, Lubkowska A. Adipose tissue and its proinflammatory properties. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020; 10(8): 138-49.
  16. Herrera‐Martínez AD, Herrero‐Aguayo V, Pérez‐Gómez JM, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Inflammasomes: Cause or consequence of obesity‐associated comorbidities in humans. Obesity. 2022; 30(12): 2351-62.
  17. Supriya R. Role of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines in metabolic diseases. 2018.
  18. Engin A. The pathogenesis of obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Obesity and lipotoxicity. 2017;960(1): 221-45.
  19. Bakinowska E, Krompiewski M, Boboryko D, Kiełbowski K, Pawlik A. The role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of obesity. Nutrients. 2024;16(17):2822..
  20. Mann E, Sunni M, Bellin MD. Secretion of insulin in response to diet and hormones. Pancreapedia: The Exocrine Pancreas Knowledge Base. 2020. Available from: [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2867/64f2ee6e4124b1482cd8c49324073fb5da12.pdf]
  21. Ieronymaki E, Daskalaki MG, Lyroni K, Tsatsanis C. Insulin signaling and insulin resistance facilitate trained immunity in macrophages through metabolic and epigenetic changes. Front Immunol. 2019; 10(9): 1330.
  22. Smith U, Kahn BB. Adipose tissue regulates insulin sensitivity: role of adipogenesis, de novo lipogenesis and novel lipids. J Intern Med. 2016; 280(5): 465-75.
  23. Rao NL, Ali S, editors. Explore the Systemic Applications of Saliva-Diagnostics. 2024. ISBN: 1-0364-0339-4.

Reference list indexed for Google Scholar and ResearchGate. DOI links resolve via doi.org.

CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2026 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
📃 In This Issue View All
Original Article Neonatal Sepsis: Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram in a Tertiary Care Hospital Iqbal M, Rashid T Original Article Cervical Cancer Screening Awareness Among Rural Women in Punjab Bibi S, Anjum R, Hassan F Review Article Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy: Clinical Implications and Management Strategies Baig BI, Usman A Original Article Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis: A Retrospective Analysis Raza SH, Butt N, Qureshi AM Review Article Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Emerging Trends Hussain I, Farooq Z
👥 More by These Authors
Original Article Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Marker in COVID-19 Severity: A Hospital-Based Study Rehman N, Sheikh I, Javed K Original Article Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided versus Landmark-Based Central Venous Catheter Insertion Zafar S, Gillani SA Review Article Statin Therapy in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review Nawaz F, Cheema HA, Mehmood Y Original Article Prevalence of Hypertension Among Urban Adults in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study Khan TM, Ahmed S, Malik RA
🔗 Related Articles By Keywords
Review Article Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy: Clinical Implications and Management Strategies Baig BI, Usman A Original Article Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis: A Retrospective Analysis Raza SH, Butt N, Qureshi AM Review Article Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Emerging Trends Hussain I, Farooq Z Original Article Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Post-Operative Wound Healing in General Surgery Siddiqui FA, Noor M, Akhtar W