Original Research

Correlation of Surfactant Protein D with Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index

Afifa Mahmood1
The University of Lahore
Hera Farooq2
Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan
Sidra Anwar3
Independent Medical College, Faisalabad
Zunaira Hamayun2
Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan
Maria Muddassir4
M. Islam Medical College, Gujranwala
Faheem Hadi5
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur.

✉ Correspondence: Maria Muddassir Email: asifhussain.kemu@gmail.com

DOI https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v7i3.2638
Volume: 7, Issue 3 Pages: 197–201 Published: 21 Aug 2026
Received: 15 Oct 2025 Revised: 14 Jun 2026 Accepted: 12 Aug 2026 Published Online: 21 Aug 2026

Abstract

Objectives

This study assessed the correlation among insulin resistance, serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

It was a cross-sectional work carried out at The Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan from February 2022 till December 2022. 80 patients were participated in research work. BMI, serum surfactant protein D, insulin and fasting blood sugar levels were measured using commercially available kits. The values of FBG and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured via formula and analysed by using Spearman’s correlation test SPSS version 18.

Results

The results indicate a significant negative connection between blood SP-D levels and HOMA-IR. The correlation between HOMA-IR and BMI is statistically insignificant. The SP-D levels and BMI had a negative connection. The association was found among insulin resistance, BMI and surfactant protein D levels in self reported healthy Pakistani people.

Conclusion

Serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels were found to be decreased in individuals with higher levels of obesity and insulin resistance. A significant association was observed between serum SP-D levels and insulin resistance.

Keywords
Surfactant Protein D Insulin Resistance Body mass index HOMA-IR

How to Cite This Article

Mahmood A, Farooq H, Anwar S, Hamayun Z, Muddassir M, Hadi F. Correlation of Surfactant Protein D with Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2026;7(3):197–201. doi:10.70302/jpsim.v7i3.2638

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Disclosed in accordance with ICMJE and COPE guidelines.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency.

Funder information follows the Crossref Funder Registry standard.

Ethics Statement

not_applicable

Conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Reference list indexed for Google Scholar and ResearchGate. DOI links resolve via doi.org.

CC BY CC BY 4.0 This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. May be shared and adapted with attribution. © 2026 Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.
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